Comportamiento de las estructuras de madera construidas en la Estancia JesuÃtica de Santa Catalina en el siglo XVII
Abstract
RESUMEN
Este trabajo presenta el estudio de tipologÃas estructurales de madera utilizadas por los jesuitas en las construcciones de la Estancia de Santa Catalina, provincia de Córdoba. Se realizó la identificación macroscópica y microscópica de la madera utilizada en vigas y columnas, en la Universidad Nacional de Santiago del Estero. Se realizaron ensayos para conocer las caracterÃsticas fÃsicas y mecánicas en nuestro Laboratorio, y la verificación de resistencia y deformabilidad según la norma brasilera BR7190, para conocer el grado de seguridad de la estructura. Se estudiaron las estructuras reticuladas, relevando manifestaciones patológicas en los elementos estructurales y realizando un diagnóstico que permitió estimar el grado de seguridad de los mismos.
En las conclusiones del trabajo, se destaca la durabilidad de la madera de más de 360 años de antigüedad. Se recomiendan actuaciones para la recuperación de las piezas deterioradas, y el mantenimiento de estas construcciones declaradas Patrimonio Cultural de la Humanidad.
Palabras clave: Estructuras de madera; patrimonio; durabilidad.
ABSTRACT
This paper presents a study of wooden structural typologies used by the Jesuits in the "Estancia de Santa Catalina", Córdoba Province. The wood used in beams and columns was characterized at microscopic and macroscopic levels. Tests were carried out to determine the physical and mechanical characteristics; the soundness of the structure was evaluated by following the Brazilian standard BR7190 for the verification of the strength and deformability. We studied the reticulated structures, showing the pathological manifestations in the structural elements and making a diagnosis that allowed the estimation of their degree of safety. The study highlights the outstanding durability of the wood older than 360 years; it also recommends proceedings for the recovery of damaged parts and maintenance of these constructions that have been declared common heritage of mankind.
Keywords: Wooden Structures; patrimony; heritage durability.
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References
ASSOCIAÇAO BRASILEIRA DE NORMAS TÉCNICAS - NBR 7190, (1997), “Projeto de estruturas de madeiraâ€. (RÃo de Janeiro).
Gomez J. L. (2000), “Estructuras de madera†(Edit. Ingreso, Córdoba).
Argüellez Alvarez R.; Arriaga Martitegui F., “Estructuras de madera†- Diseño y cálculo.
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