Enseñanzas de casos de inspección en sótanos
Abstract
RESUMEN
Este trabajo muestra las enseñanzas obtenidas al evaluar y diagnosticar problemas por corrosión y estructurales en varios sótanos de diferentes tipos de edificaciones, ubicadas cerca y lejos de la costa. En este se reportan los resultados obtenidos de esta inspección, de los cuales se encuentran: levantamiento de daños, ensayos fÃsico-quÃmicos, mecánicos y electroquÃmicos que permitieron caracterizar el concreto y los daños por corrosión que puedan comprometer a las estructuras evaluadas. Dado que en la mayorÃa de los casos los sótanos se utilizan como estacionamientos, los problemas de corrosión se deben, en general, a la carbonatación del concreto. No obstante, este efecto se potenció por niveles freáticos altos y presencia de bolsas de agua salina ubicadas en el subsuelo del sótano, lo cual permitió no solo el ingreso del agua sino también de los iones cloruros hacia el concreto. En este trabajo se muestra la evaluación, asà como las recomendaciones de las acciones a tomar para extender su vida en servicio.
Palabras Clave: Corrosión; sótanos; concreto armado; evaluación; rehabilitación
ABSTRACT
This paper shows the lessons learned in evaluating and diagnosing corrosion and structural problems in several basements of different types of buildings located near and far from the coast. The results of this inspection are reported. They include: damage survey, physical-chemical, mechanical and electrochemical tests; all of which allowed characterizing the concrete and corrosion damages that could compromise the structures evaluated. Since in most cases the basements are used as parking lots, corrosion problems are due, in general, to the carbonation of concrete. However, this effect is potentiated by high freatic levels and the presence of saline water bags located in the subsoil of the basement, which allowed not only the ingress of water but also of chloride ions into concrete. This paper shows the evaluation and recommendations of actions to be taken to extend the service life of the reinforced concrete structures evaluated.
Keywords: Corrosion; basements; reinforced concrete; evaluation; rehabilitation.
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References
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