Determinación de la profundidad de daño en estructuras de hormigón post-incendio
Abstract
RESUMEN
La evaluación de las estructuras de hormigón afectadas por fuego debe permitir la comprensión de lo que ocurrió durante el incendio y el desarrollo de criterios racionales para la posterior evaluación de la seguridad de la estructura, con el fin de poder decidir sobre su futura reparación o demolición. En el presente trabajo se ha identificado la heterogeneidad en la distribución de los daños y se ha determinado la profundidad del hormigón afectado por el fuego en tres tipologÃas de estructuras afectadas por incendios de diferente intensidad. El estudio ha permitido determinar el gradiente de temperaturas alcanzado en el hormigón. También se ha determinado la profundidad máxima de hormigón que alcanza la temperatura crÃtica de 500 ºC. Por último, se propone un protocolo para la evaluación de daños en las estructuras de hormigón afectadas por el fuego incluyendo métodos no destructivos y destructivos y un análisis de daño a nivel micro y macro de la estructura.
Palabras Clave: Fuego; hormigón; diagnosis; NDT y DT; daño; cambios micro y macro-estructurales.
ABSTRACT
The assessment of concrete structures exposed to a fire event must allow understanding what happened during the fire and the development of rational criteria for further evaluation of the safety of the structure in order to decide on the future repair or demolition of the structure.
In this work, three types of structures affected by fires of different intensity have been studied. The heterogeneity in the distribution of the damage has been identified and determined the depth of concrete affected. The study allows proposing the temperature gradient achieved in the concrete. It has also been determined the maximum depth of concrete that reached the critical temperature of 500 °C. Finally, a protocol for the evaluation of concrete structures affected by fire including non-destructive and destructive methods and analysis of damage at the micro and macro structure is been proposed.
Keywords: Fire; concrete; assessment; NDT and DT; damage; micro and macro changes.
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References
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