Caracterización de morteros de cemento portland substituido por metacaolÃn de baja pureza
Abstract
Se prepararon morteros con relación arena: ligante de 2.75:1 con arena de sÃlice, la relación agua/ligante se fijó en 0.45. Se utilizaron dos minerales de caolÃn (rojo y blanco) con altos contenidos de cuarzo, los cuales se molieron en molino de bolas a una finura menor que la del cemento portland. Estos se calcinaron a temperaturas entre 550 y 1050°C para evaluar el efecto de ésta en el desarrollo de resistencia a la compresión en morteros de cemento portland con 20% de metacaolÃn (Mc). De tales pruebas se continuó investigando con el MC blanco (~50% de pureza), calcinado a 750°C para caracterizar el efecto del nivel de substitución de MC por cemento portland (CP) en niveles de 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 y 50%; se dio seguimiento a la resistencia a la compresión a 1, 3, 7, 14, 28 y 90 dÃas. El uso de 10-30% de MC fue favorable. Los morteros base CP puro registraron 8 y 38 MPa a 1 y 90 dÃas, respectivamente; mientras que aquellos con reemplazo de 10-30% del CP mostraron mejores resistencias de alrededor de 10 y 52 MPa a 1 y 90 dÃas de curado. Por otro lado, la substitución de CP por 40 y 50% de metacaolÃn resultó en bajas resistencias tempranas, con 1-3 MPa a 1 dÃa de curado; sin embargo, la resistencia creció rápidamente y después de 90 dÃas, los morteros alcanzaron 49 y 40MPa para 40 y 50% MC, respectivamente. EL MC mostró fuerte actividad puzolánica a pesar de su baja pureza, se observó el consumo de hidróxido de calcio por análisis térmico y microscopÃa electrónica de barrido. Esta última técnica mostró que después de 90 dÃas las microestructuras de todos los morteros fueron densas acorde a las propiedades mecánicas registradas.Downloads
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